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Industry article

Anti-CRISPR protein mediated degradation of Cas9 in human cells

Authors : Tacca, Luisa Arake de (2023)

Bacteriophages encode anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins that inactivate CRISPR-Cas bacterial8 immune systems, allowing successful invasion, replication, and prophage integration. Acr9 proteins inhibit CRISPR-Cas systems using a wide variety of mechanisms. AcrIIA1 is encoded by10 numerous phages and plasmids, binds specifically to the Cas9 HNH domain, and was the first11 Acr discovered to inhibit SpyCas9. Here we report the observation of AcrIIA1-induced degradation12 ...

Journal article

Neutralization of the anthrax toxin by antibody-mediated stapling of its membrane penetrating loop

Authors : Hoelzgen, Fabian (2021)

Anthrax infection is associated with severe illness and high mortality. Protective antigen (PA) is the central component of the anthrax toxin, which is the main virulent factor of anthrax. Upon endocytosis, PA opens a pore in the membranes of endosomes, through which the toxin's cytotoxic enzymes are extruded. The PA pore is formed by a cooperative conformational change where PA's membrane-penetrating loops associate, forming a hydrophobic rim th...

Journal article

PAM binding ensures orientational integration during Cas4-Cas1-Cas2 mediated CRISPR adaptation

Authors : Dhingra, Yukti (2023)

Adaptation in CRISPR-Cas systems immunizes bacteria and archaea against mobile genetic 10 elements. In many DNA-targeting systems, the Cas4-Cas1-Cas2 complex is required for selection 11 and processing of DNA segments containing PAM sequences, prior to integration of these 12 “prespacer” substrates as spacers in the CRISPR array. We determined cryo-EM structures of the 13 Cas4-Cas1-Cas2 adaptation complex from the type I-C system that encodes st...