Metrology

Abstract

Metrology, the science of measurement, is crucial for manufacturing technologies. Since manufacturing has made huge leaps depending on the improvements in metrology, the book reflects recent developments in metrology in detail. This book focuses on dimensional and geometric measurements as well as technical testing and quality control applications in industry. It also intends the fundamentals of metrology concerning the related standards and systems of units. In addition, the book considers the calibration of measurement instruments and measurement uncertainties as the basic requirements of the related quality standards. Furthermore, it mentions the trends in micro and nanometrology and microscopic examinations. Topics covered in this book are of course not limited to them. The readers can find chapters about Metrology in a wide frame.Physical properties such as length, weight, and temperature are determined by comparison with known quantities. In addition, measurement techniques are available in all engineering disciplines and allow for the creation and operation of all other scientific branches. In particular, measurement techniques are required at all levels of laboratory works. In fact, we practically measure many things: the weight of our body, the volume of our fuel oil, the temperature of the house, the noise at the factory, the distance between two points, etc. In addition to having an important place in our daily life, the measurement technique is the basis of almost all science branches such as Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. Measurement techniques are used to solve technical problems at all science branches. Theoretical hypotheses are supported by proving correctness by means of measurement technique by making necessary experiments and observations.