Antimicrobial Evaluation of Salvadora persica Methanolic Stem Extract and In vivo Modelling of its Identified Constituting Compounds Revealed Antibacterial Effect of 2-[(5-Iodosalicylidene)hydrazino]-4-morpholino-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazine in the Treatment of Dental Plague

Abstract

Challenges of resistance to synthetic antimicrobials have opened new vistas in the search for natural products. This research rigorously reviews plant used in oral health. The antimicrobial activities of Salvadora persica commonly used as chewing stick was investigated against 3 clinical strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus nigar. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts were determined using the agar well diffusion. Salvadora persica, was active against all the isolates especially on the bacteria with a MIC and MBC of 12.5mg/mL and 25mg/mL respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and traces of terpenoids. In silico modelling of the compounds identified in the chewing stick extract reveals that the aromatic nitrogen-rich compound with PubChem ID: 135580681 is likely responsible for the mechanistic inhibition associated with antibacterial effect of the plant material against dental plagues