Metabotyping of Andean pseudocereals and characterization of emerging mycotoxins

Abstract

Pseudocereals are best known for three crops derived from the Andes: quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, 29 Chenopods I), canihua (C. pallidicaule, Chenopods I), and kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus). Their grains 30 are recognized for their nutritional benefits; however, there is a higher level of polyphenism and the 31 chemical foundation that would rely with such polyphenism has not been thoroughly investigated. 32 Meanwhile, the chemical food safety of pseudocereals remains poorly documented. Here we applied 33 untargeted and targeted metabolomics approach by LC-MS to achieve both: i) a comprehensive 34 chemical mapping of pseudocereal samples collected in the Andes to classify them according to their 35 chemotype; ii) a quantification of their contents in emerging mycotoxins.