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Journal article

Cryo-EM structures of Na+-pumping NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase from Vibrio cholerae

Authors : Kishikawa, Jun-ichi (2023)

The Na+-pumping NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Na+-NQR) couples electron transfer 3 from NADH to ubiquinone with Na+-pumping, generating an electrochemical Na+ gradient that 4 is essential for energy-consuming reactions in bacteria. Since Na+-NQR is exclusively found in 5 prokaryotes, it is a promising target for highly selective antibiotics. However, the molecular 6 mechanism of inhibition is not well-understood for lack of the atomic structural informa...

Journal article

Structure and function of a Notch-like proteolytic switch domain in the extracellular matrix receptor dystroglycan

Authors : Anderson, Michael J.M. (2023)

The adhesion receptor dystroglycan provides a critical mechanical link between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the actin cytoskeleton to help muscle cells withstand contraction and neural cells maintain the blood brain barrier. Disrupting the link is associated cancer and muscular dystrophy. Proteolysis of dystroglycan by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) provides a mechanism to break the mechanical anchor and is amplified in several pathogenic states,&...

Journal article

Architecture and regulation of filamentous human cystathionine beta-synthase

Authors : McCorvie, Thomas J. (2023)

Cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) is an essential metabolic enzyme across all domains of life involved in the production of glutathione, cysteine, and hydrogen sulphide1-4. Human CBS appends to its conserved catalytic domain a regulatory domain that modulates activity by S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and promotes oligomerization5-12, however the molecular basis is unknown. Here we show using cryo-electron microscopy that full-length human CBS in the basa...

Journal Article

Conformation and structural dynamics of the Xist lncRNA A-repeats

Authors : Jones, Alisha N. (2023)

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non‐protein‐encoding transcripts with lengths of 500 or more nucleotides (nt), with some spanning up to several thousands of nucleotides 1. LncRNAs have emerged as important regulators of gene expression and cellular functions, as transcriptional regulators at the level of chromatin, as scaffolding platforms, and as guides for RNP localization 2–9. Recent advancements in chemical probing experiments and their couplin...

Journal Article

Structure and heterogeneity of a highly cargo-loaded encapsulin shell

Authors : Kwon, Seokmu (2023)

Journal Article

Structure of mechanically activated ion channel OSCA2.3 reveals mobile elements in the transmembrane domain

Authors : Jojoa-Cruz, Sebastian (2023)

Members of the OSCA/TMEM63 are mechanically activated ion channels and structures of some OSCA members have revealed the architecture of these channels and structural features that are potentially involved in mechanosensation. However, these structures are all in a similar state and information about the motion of different elements of the structure is limited, preventing a deeper understanding of how these channels work. Here, we use...

Journal Article

MicroED structure of the human vasopressin 1B receptor

Authors : Shiriaeva, Anna (2023)

Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a transmembrane mucin expressed at the apical surface of epithelial cells at different mucosal surfaces including breast and intestine. In the gastrointestinal tract, MUC1 has a barrier function against bacterial invasion, but can also serve as an entry receptor for pathogenic Salmonella bacteria. Moreover, MUC1 is well known for its aberrant expression and glycosylation in adenocarcinomas The MUC1 extracellular do...

Journal Article

Structure and Biosynthesis of Hectoramide B, a Linear Depsipeptide from the Marine Cyanobacterium Moorena producens JHB Discovered via Co-culture with Candida albicans

Authors : Ngo, Thuan-Ethan (2023)

The tropical marine cyanobacterium Moorena producens JHB is a prolific source of secondary metabolites with potential biomedical utility. Previous studies of this strain led to the discovery of several novel compounds such as the hectochlorins and jamaicamides; however, bioinformatic analyses of its genome suggested that there were many more cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters yet to be characterized. To potentially stimulate the production of novel co...

Journal Article

Solution structure, dynamics and tetrahedral assembly of Anti-TRAP, a homo-trimeric triskelion-shaped regulator of tryptophan biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis

Authors : McElroy, Craig (2023)

Cellular production of tryptophan is metabolically expensive and tightly regulated. The small Bacillus subtilis zinc binding Anti-TRAP protein (AT), which is the product of the yczA/rtpA gene, is upregulated in response to accumulating levels of uncharged tRNATrp through a T-box antitermination mechanism. AT binds to the undecameric ring-shaped protein TRAP (trp RNA Binding Attenuation Protein), thereby preventing it from binding to the trp lead...

Ebooks (Sách điện tử)

Structure of puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase and polyglutamine binding

Authors : Madabushi, Sowmya (2023)

Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (E.C. 3.4.11.14, UniProt P55786), a zinc 6 metallopeptidase belonging to the M1 family, degrades a number of bioactive peptides as 7 well as peptides released from the proteasome, including polyglutamine. We report the 8 crystal structure of PSA at 2.3 Ǻ. Overall, the enzyme adopts a V-shaped architecture 9 with four domains characteristic of the M1 family aminopeptidases, but it is in a less 10...