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  • Journal article

  • Fuse to defuse: a self-limiting ribonuclease-ring nuclease fusion for type III CRISPR defence

    • Authors : Samolygo, Aleksei; Athukoralage, Januka S; Graham, Shirley (2020)

  • Type III CRISPR systems synthesise cyclic oligoadenylate (cOA) second messengers in response to viral infection of bacteria and archaea, potentiating an immune response by binding and activating ancillary effector nucleases such as Csx1. As these effectors are not specific for invading nucleic acids, a prolonged activation can result in cell dormancy or death. To avoid this fate, some archaeal species encode a specialised ring nuclease enzyme (Crn1) to&#...
  • Journal article

  • Tetramerisation of the CRISPR ring nuclease Csx3 facilitates cyclic oligoadenylate cleavage

    • Authors : Athukoralage, Januka S; McQuarrie, Stuart; Grüschow, Sabine (2020)

  • Type III CRISPR systems detect foreign RNA and activate the cyclase domain of the Cas10 subunit, generating cyclic oligoadenylate (cOA) molecules that act as a second messenger to signal infection, activating nucleases that degrade the nucleic acid of both invader and host. This can lead to dormancy or cell death; to avoid this, cells need a way to remove cOA from the cell once a viral infection has been defeated. Enzymes specialised&...
  • Journal article

  • The dynamic interplay of host and viral enzymes in type III CRISPR-mediated cyclic nucleotide signalling

    • Authors : Athukoralage, Januka S; Graham, Shirley; Rouillon, Christophe (2020)

  • Cyclic nucleotide second messengers are increasingly implicated in prokaryotic anti-viral defence systems. Type III CRISPR systems synthesise cyclic oligoadenylate (cOA) upon detecting foreign RNA, activating ancillary nucleases that can be toxic to cells, necessitating mechanisms to remove cOA in systems that operate via immunity rather than abortive infection. Previously, we demonstrated that the Sulfolobus solfataricus type III-D CRISPR complex generates cyclic tetra-adenylate...